Basic Information

English Name: Amphotericin B

CAS Number: 1397 - 89 - 3

Chemical Category: Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics

Molecular Formula: C₄₇H₇₅NO₁₇

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Yellow to orange-yellow powder, odorless or almost odorless, hygroscopic.

Solubility: Practically insoluble in water, soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Its injection usually needs to be dissolved in 5% glucose solution (do not use normal saline to avoid precipitation).

Stability: Sensitive to light, heat, acid and alkali. It should be stored in the dark at low temperature.

Mechanism of Action：

By binding to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, pores are formed, leading to the leakage of important substances such as intracellular potassium ions and nucleotides, disrupting the permeability of the cell membrane, and ultimately causing fungal death.

Characteristics: High selectivity for the fungal cell membrane (mammalian cell membranes contain cholesterol and have a weak binding affinity to the drug), but still has some toxicity.

Usage and Dosage

Intravenous Drip: Conventional Dosage: The initial dose is 1 - 5mg/d, gradually increasing to 0.5 - 1mg/kg/d (up to a maximum of 1.5mg/kg/d，dilute with 5% glucose solution (concentration ≤ 0.1mg/ml), slowly infuse in the dark (for more than 6 hours) to reduce infusion reactions.